El proyecto es resultado del trabajo de dos estudiantes de doctorado de la Universidad de Londres, Anthony Bourached y George Cann, que hacen uso de aprendizaje automático, redes profundas y algoritmos de transferencia de tipo neuronal desarrollados por investigadores de la Universidad de Tübingen (Alemania) para analizar radiografías fantasmales de obras de arte sobrepintadas.
Una obra de arte que estuvo oculta bajo el cuadro de Pablo Picasso «La pobreza agazapada» durante casi 120 años fue recreada por científicos del colectivo Oxia Palus, quienes utilizaron inteligencia artificial para reconstruir la imagen con detalle y color mediante un mapa de altura tridimensional que permite volver a aplicar la pintura sobre el lienzo de forma que se capte la textura y el aspecto del estilo del artista, mediante una técnica pendiente de patente.
El proyecto es resultado del trabajo de dos estudiantes de doctorado de la Universidad de Londres, Anthony Bourached y George Cann, que hacen uso de aprendizaje automático, redes profundas y algoritmos de transferencia de tipo neuronal desarrollados por investigadores de la Universidad de Tübingen (Alemania) para analizar radiografías fantasmales de obras de arte sobrepintadas, informó la cadena de televisión alemana Deutsche Welle.
En 2018, los investigadores utilizaron un instrumento de imagen de fluorescencia de rayos X para revelar una imagen tenue del paisaje cubierto y los historiadores del arte sospechan que se trata de una pintura de un parque cercano a Barcelona realizada por Santiago Rusiñol, amigo de Picasso y líder del movimiento modernista catalán.
La recreación fue realizada por Oxia Palus, un colectivo artístico que utiliza inteligencia artificial para descubrir obras maestras perdidas y la metodología empleada para recrear homenajes exactos a una nueva clase de bellas artes ha sido bautizada como estilo NeoMaster, que utiliza el proceso «neomástico» de este grupo.
Al resucitar esta obra escondida, explicaron que se tomaron como referencia muchos cuadros que definen el estilo de la obra de Rusiñol. La profundidad, el grosor y la longitud aproximada de todas y cada una de las pinceladas se han reintegrado en una plasmación de lo que se perdió en el tiempo.
«A medida que utilicemos más IA para acelerar la identificación y reconstrucción de obras de arte perdidas de importancia crítica, tendremos un impacto muy significativo a la hora de permitir una mejor comprensión de la historia entrelazada del arte y la sociedad», explicó el cofundador de Oxia Palus, George Cann.
Hasta el momento, este colectivo ha generado imágenes en color de 20 pinturas perdidas, que antes solo se veían a través de rayos X. El siguiente paso fue utilizar la tecnología de impresión 3D para producir lienzos con textura de las pinturas perdidas con pinceladas realistas.
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